Astrochemistry Laboratory's
Publications 1993 -

Bernstein, M. P., Elsila, J. E. Dworkin, J. P., Sandford, S. A., Allamandola, L. J., & Zare, R. N. (2002). Side group addition to the PAH coronene by UV photolysis in cosmic ice analogs. Astrophys. J., in press.

Salama, F. (2002). Laboratory Astrochemistry. In Chemistry I: Astrochemistry, E. Helal, ed., Cairo University Press, in press.

Bernstein, M. P., Dworkin, J. P., Sandford, S. A., & Allamandola, L. J. (2001). Ultraviolet Irradiation of Naphthalene in H₂O Ice: Implications for Meteorites and Biogenesis. Meteoritics and Planetary Science, 36, 351-358. [PDF]

Chillier, X., Boulet, P.,Chermette, H.,Salama, F., and Weber, J. (2001) Absorption and Emission Spectroscopy of Matrix-Isolated Benzo[g,h,i] Perylene. An Experimental and Theoretical Study for Astrochemical Applications J. Chem. Phys., 115, 1769-1776. [PDF]

Dworkin, J. P., Deamer, D. W., Sandford, S. A., & Allamandola, L. J. (2001). Self-Assembling Amphiphilic Molecules: Synthesis in Simulated Interstellar/Precometary Ices. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 98, 815-819. [PDF]

Ehrenfreund, P., Bernstein, M. P., Dworkin, J. P., Sandford, S. A., & Allamandola, L. J. (2001). The Photostability of Amino Acids in Space. Astrophys. J., 550, L95-L99. [PDF]

Hony, S., Van Kerckhoven, C., Peeters, E., Tielens, A. G. G. M., Hudgins, D. M., & Allamandola, L. J. (2001). The CH out-of-plane bending modes of PAH molecules in astrophysical environments. Astron. Astrophys., 370, 1030-1043. [PDF]

Hudgins, D. M., Bauschlicher, Jr., C. W., & Allamandola, L. J. (2001). Closed-Shell Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Cations: A New Category of Interstellar Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Spectrochemica Acta A, 57, 907 - 930. [PDF]

Salama, F. (2001). Molecular Spectroscopy in Astrophysics: The Case of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. J. Molec. Struct., 563, 19

Salama, F. & Bauschlicher, C. W. eds. (2001). Molecular Spectroscopy in Astrophysics. Special issue, Spectrochimica Acta: A , 57, 613 - 614. [PDF] [Table of contents]

Sandford, S. A. (2001). The Compositon of Organics and Volatiles in the Interstellar Medium. In Galactic Structure, Stars, and the Interstellar Medium, 4^th Tetons Summer Conference, eds. C. Woodward & M. D,. Bicay, (ASP Conf. Series: 231), pp. 152-170.

Sandford, S. A. (2001). The Astrobiology Explorer (ABE) Midex Mission Concept - Exploring the Links Between the Interstellar Medium and Meteorites. Meteoritics and Planetary Science, 36, A181. [PDF]

Sandford, S. A. (2001). Book Review of Molecular Hydrogen in Space edited by F. Combes and G. Pineau des Forets. Meteoritics and Planetary Science, 36, 1411-1412. [PDF]

Sandford, S. A., Bernstein, M. P., Allamandola, L. J., Goorvitch, D., & Teixeira, T. C. V. S. (2001). The Abundances of Solid N₂ and Gaseous CO₂ in Interstellar Dense Molecular Clouds. Astrophys. J. 548, 836-851. [PDF]

Sandford, S. A., Bernstein, M. P., & Dworkin, J. P. (2001) Assessment of the Interstellar Processes Leading to Deuterium Enrichment in Meteoritic Organics Meteoritics and Planetary Science, 36, 1117–1133.[PDF]

Sandford, S. A., Dworkin, J. P., Deamer, D. W., & Allamandola, L. J. (2001). Self-Assembling Amphiphilic Molecules: A Possible Linkage Between Interstellar Chemistry and Meteoritic Organics. Meteoritics and Planetary Science, 36, A181-182. [PDF]

Bernstein, M. P., Sandford, S. A.,& Allamandola, L. J. (2000). Molecules from Space and the Origin of Life. In The Scientific American Book of the Cosmos, D. Levi (ed.), (Byron Preiss Visual Publications, Inc. and Scientific American), pp. 265-272.

Bernstein, M. P., Sandford, S. A., & Allamandola, L. J. (2000). H, C, N, and O Isotopic Substitution Studies of the 2165 cm^-1 (4.62 µm) "XCN" Feature Produced by UV Photolysis of Mixed Molecular Ices. Astrophys. J. 542, 894-897. [PDF]

Bernstein, M. P., Sandford, S. A., Allamandola, L. J., Dworkin, J. P., Gillette, S. J., & Zare, R. N. (2000). Formation of Prebiotic Molecules in Interstellar and Cometary Ices. In Bioastronomy '99: A new Era in Bioastronomy, eds. G. Lemarchand & K. Meech, ASP Conf. Series, Vol. 213, (Sheridan Books: Chelsea, MI), pp. 197-205.

Biennier, L., Romanini, D., Kachanov, A., Campargue, A., Bussery-Honvault, B. & Bacis, R. (2000) Structure and rovibrational analysis of the [O₂(¹\Delta_g)_v=0]₂ <- [O₂(³\Sigma_g^- )_v=0]₂transition of the O₂ dimer. J. Chem. Phys.112, 6309. [PDF]

Black, D. C., Kinney A., Allamandola, L. J, Beichman, C., Bodenheimer, P., Cochran, W., Hammel, H., Johnston, K., Mcalister, H., Naderi, F., Neff, S. G., Ruden, S. P., Steidel, C. C., Stockman, P. (2000). Origins 2000: In Search of Our Cosmic Roots, Origins Theme, Roadmap for NASA's Office Of Space Science.

Booth, J.P., Cunge, G., Biennier, L., & Romanini, D. (2000) Ultraviolet Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy of Etching Plasmas. Chem. Phys. Lett. 317, 631. [PDF]

Brinton, K. L. F., McDonald, G. D., Dworkin, J. P., Levy, M., Miller, S. L. & Bada, J. L. (2000). The cosmogeochemistry of amino acid synthesis from hydrogen cyanide. Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. 30, 227. [PDF]

Chiar, J. E., Tielens, A. G. G. M., Whittet, D. C. B., Schutte, W. A., Boogert, A. C. A., Lutz, D., van Dishoeck, E. F., & Bernstein, M.,P.(2000). The Composition and Distribution of Dust Along the Line of Sight Towards the Galactic Center. Astrophys. J. 537, 749-762. [PDF]

Dworkin J. P., Deamer, D. W., Sandford, S. A., Allamandola, L. J., Gillette, J. S., & Zare, R. N. (2000). Simulations of Cometary Ice: Large Molecule Synthesis and Self-assembly Properties. Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. 30, 228-229. [PDF]

Dworkin, J.,P., & Miller, S. L. (2000). A kinetic estimate of the free aldehyde content of aldoses. Carbo. Res. 329, 359-365. [PDF]

Dworkin, J. P., Sandford, S. A., Allamandola, L. J., Deamer, D. W., Gillette, S. J., & Zare, R. N. (2000). Syntheisis of Large Molecules in Cometary Ice Analogs: Physical Properties Related to Self-Assembly Processes. In Bioastronomy '99: A new Era in Bioastronomy, eds. G. Lemarchand & K. Meech, ASP Conf. Series, Vol. 213, (Sheridan Books: Chelsea, MI), pp. 195-196.

Halasinski, T, Hudgins, D. M., Salama, F., Allamandola, L. J., & Bally, T. (2000). Electronic Absorption Spectra of Neutral Pentacene (C₂₂H₁₄^-) and its Positive and Negative Ions in Ne, Ar, and Kr Matrices. J. Phys. Chem. 104, 7484-7491. [PDF]

Hudgins, D. M., Bauschlicher, Jr., C. W., Allamandola, L. J., & Fetzer, J. C. (2000). Infrared Spectroscopy of Matrix-Isolated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Ions 5. PAHs Incorporating a Cyclopentadienyl Ring. J. Phys. Chem. A 104, 3655. [PDF]

Jasien, P. G., Miller, S. L., Levy, M., & Dworkin, J. P. (2000). How could life have arisen on Earth? In ChemConnections, C. B. Moore, B. Spencer & T. Schwartz, eds., (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: New York). Amazon.com.

Sandford, S. A., Bernstein, M. P., Allamandola, L. J., Gillette, J. S., & Zare, R. N. (2000). Deuterium Enrichment of PAHs by Photochemically Induced Exchange with Deuterium-rich Cosmic Ices. Astrophys. J. 538, 691-697. [PDF]

Sandford, S., Greene, T. P., Allamandola, L., Arno, R., Bregman, J., Cox, S., Davis, P. K., Gonzales, A., Haas, M., Hanel, R., Hines, M., Hudgins, D., Jackson, R. , Kittel, P., Lozier, D., Maa, S., & McCreight, C. (2000). An Explorer-class Astrobiology Mission. In "UV, Optical, and IR Space Telescopes and Instruments," eds. J. B. Breckinridge & P. Jakobsen, Proc. SPIE 4013, pp. 604-615.

Van Kerckhoven, C., Hony, S., Peeters, E., Tielens, A. G. G. M., Allamandola, L. J., Hudgins, D. M.,Cox, P., Roelfsema, P. R., Voors, R., Waelkens, C., Waters, R., & Wesselius, P. R. (2000). The CCC Bending Modes of PAHs: A New Emission Plateau from 15 to 20 µm. Astron. Astrophys. 357, 1013-1019. [PDF]

Allamandola, L. J., Bernstein, M. P., Sandford, S. A., & Walker, R. L. (1999). Evolution of Interstellar Ices. In Composition and Origin of Cometary Materials, International Space Science Institute Book Series, Vol. 8, Space Science Reviews 90, #1-2, K. Altwegg, P. Ehrenfreund, J. Geiss, & W. Huebner (eds.), (Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht), pp. 219-232. [PDF]

Allamandola, L. J., Hudgins, D. M., Bauschlicher, Jr., C. W., & Langhoff, S. R. (1999). Carbon Chain Abundance in the Diffuse Interstellar Medium. Astron. Astrophys. 352, 659-664. [PDF]

Allamandola, L. J., Hudgins, D. M., & Sandford, S. A. (1999). Modeling the Unidentified Infrared Emission with Combinations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Astrophys. J. (Letters) 511, L115-L119. [PDF]

Bauschlicher, Jr., C. W., Hudgins, D. M., & Allamandola, L. J. (1999). The Infrared Spectra of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Containing a Five-Membered Ring: Symmetry Breaking and the B3LYP Functional. Theor. Chem. Acc. 103, 154-162. [PDF]

Becker, L., Bunch, T. E., & Allamandola, L. J. (1999). C₆₀, C₇₀ and the Higher Fullerenes (C₁₀₀ to C₄₀₀) in the Allende Meteorite. Nature 400, 227-228. [PDF]

Bernstein, M. P., & Sandford, S. A. (1999). Variations in the Strength of the Infrared Forbidden 2328.2 cm^-1 Fundamental of Solid N₂ in Binary Mixtures. Spectrochimica Acta A 55, 2455-2466. [PDF]

Bernstein, M. P. (1999). Water Ice on Comets and Satellites. In Laboratory Astrophyscis and Space Research, P. Ehrenfreund, H. Kochan, C. Krafft, & V. Pirronello, eds., (Kluwer Acad. Publ.: Dordrecht), pp. 105-120.

Bernstein, M. P., Sandford, S. A., & Allamandola, L. J. (1999). Life's Far-Flung Raw Materials. Scientific American 281, #1, 42-49 (also the cover). [Text]

Bernstein, M. P., Sandford, S. A., Allamandola, L. J., Gillette, J. S., Clemett, S. J., & Zare, R. N. (1999). UV Irradiation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Ices: Production of Alcohols, Quinones, and Ethers. Science 283, 1135-1138. [PDF]

Campargue, A., Biennier, L., Garnache, A., Kachanov, A., Romanini, D. & Herman, M. (1999) High Resolution absorption Spectroscopy of the V₁=2-6 acetylenic overtone of propyne: spectroscopy and dynamics. J. Chem. Phys. 111, 7888. [PDF]

Chillier, X. D. F., Stone, B. M., Salama, F., & Allamandola, L. J. (1999). First Detection of an Ultraviolet Transition in an Ionized Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon. Letter to the Editor, J. Chem. Phys. 111, 449-451. [PDF]

Hudgins, D. M., & Allamandola, L. J. (1999). Interstellar PAH Emission in the 11 - 14 Micron Region: New Insights from Laboratory Data and a Tracer of Ionized PAHs. Astrophys. J. (Letters) 516, L41-L44. [PDF]

Hudgins, D. M., & Allamandola, L. J. (1999). The Spacing of the Interstellar 6.2 and 7.7 Micron Emission Features as an Indicator of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Size. Astrophys. J. (Letters) 513, L69-L73. [PDF]

Joblin, C., Salama, F., & Allamandola, L. J. (1999). Absorption and Emission of Perylene (C₂₀H₁₂) isolated in Ne, Ar, and N₂ Matrices. J. Chem. Phys. 110, 7287-7297. [PDF]

Pendleton, Y. J., Tielens, A. G. G. M., Tokunaga, A. T., & Bernstein, M. P. (1999). The Interstellar 4.62 Micron Band. Astrophys. J. 513, 294-304. [PDF]

Romanini, D., Biennier, L. Salama, F., Kachinov, A. Allamandola, L. J., & Stoeckel, F. (1999). Jet-Discharge Cavity Ring-down Spectroscopy of Ionized Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Progress in Testing the PAH Hypothesis for the Diffuse Interstellar Band Problem. Chem. Phys. Lett. 303, 165-170. [PDF]

Salama, F. (1999). Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Interstellar Medium. A Review. In Solid Interstellar Matter: The ISO Revolution, L. d'Hendecourt, C. Joblin, & A. Jones, eds., (EDP Sciences: Les Ullis, France), pp. 65-87.

Salama, F., Galazutdinov, G. A., Krelowski, J. Allamandola, L. J., & Musaev, F. A. (1999). Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and the Diffuse Interstellar Bands. A Survey. Astrophys. J. 526, 265-273. [PDF]

Sloan, G. C., Hayward, T. L., Allamandola, L. J., Bregman, J. D., DeVito, B., & Hudgins, D. M. (1999). Direct Spectroscopic Evidence for Ionized Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Interstellar Medium. Astrophys. J. (Letters) 513, L65-L68. [PDF]

Backman, D. E., Caroff, L. J., Sandford, S. A., & Wooden, D. H., eds. (1998). Exozodiacal Dust Workshop - Conference Proceedings, NASA CP-1998-10155.

Biennier, L. & Campargue, A.(1998) High Resolution Spectrum of the (3-0) band of the b¹\Sigma_g^- _- X³\Sigma_g^- Red Atmospheric System of Oxygen. J. Mol. Spectrosc., 188, 248-250.

Campargue, A. , Biennier, L. & Herman, M. (1998) The visible absorption spectrum of ¹²C₂H₂: (III) The region 14500-17000 cm^-1. Mol. Phys., 93, 457-469.

Campargue, A., Biennier, L., Kachanov, A., Jost, R., Bussery-Honvault, B., Veyret, V., Churassy, S., & Bacis, R. (1998) Rotationally resolved absorption spectrum of the O₂ dimer in the visible range. Chem. Phys. Lett. 289, 734-742.

Cruikshank, D. P., Roush, T. L., Bartholomew, M. J., Moroz, L. V., Geballe, T. R., White, S., Bell III, J. F., Pendleton, Y. J., Davies, J. K., Owen, T. C., deBergh, C., Bernstein, M. P., Brown, R. H., & Tryka, K. A. (1998). The Composition of Planetesimal 5145 Pholus. Icarus 135, 389-407. [PDF]

Hudgins, D. M., & Sandford, S. A. (1998). Infrared Spectroscopy of Matrix-Isolated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons 1. PAHs Containing 2 to 4 Rings. J. Phys. Chem. 102, 329-343. [PDF]

Hudgins, D. M., & Sandford, S. A. (1998). Infrared Spectroscopy of Matrix-Isolated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons 2. PAHs Containing 5 or More Rings. J. Phys. Chem. 102, 344-352. [PDF]

Hudgins, D. M., & Sandford, S. A. (1998). Infrared Spectroscopy of Matrix-Isolated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons 3. Fluoranthene and the Benzofluoranthenes. J. Phys. Chem. 102, 353-360. [PDF]

Lacy, J. H., Faraji, H., Sandford, S. A., & Allamandola, L. J. (1998). Unraveling the 10 µm 'Silicate' Feature of Protostars: The Detection of Frozen Interstellar Ammonia. Astrophys. J. (Letters) 501, L105-L109. [PDF]

Langhoff, S. R., Bauschlicher, Jr., C. W., Hudgins, D. M., Sandford, S. A., & Allamandola, L. J. (1998). Infrared spectra of substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. J. Phys. Chem. A 102, 1632-1646. [PDF]

Mattioda, A., & Frech, R. (1998) Vibrational Spectra, Thermal Analysis and Conductivity of the Phases of Ammonium Hydrazinium (2+) Sulfate. J. Phys. Chem. Solids 59, 353.

Salama, F. (1998). UV Photochemistry of Ices. In The Solar System Ices, eds. B. Schmitt, C. de Bergh, & M. Festou, Astrophysics and Space Science Library Series, Klüwer Academic Publishers, p. 259.

Sandford, S. A. (1998). Meteorites on Ice: Collecting Primitive Solar System Materials in Antarctica. In Astrophysics from Antarctica, Astron. Soc. Pacific Conf. Series, Vol. 141, Proceedings of the ASP Summer Sci. Symp. Conf., Chicago, Illinois, 30 June - 2 July, 1997, G. Novak and R. H. Landsberg (eds.), (ASP: San Francisco), pp. 265-282.

Sandford, S. A. (1998). Why You Can't Have a Snowball Fight on Mars. Mercury 27, #1, 19-22.

Sandford, S. A., Allamandola, L. J., & Bernstein, M. P. (1998). Organic Chemistry: From the Interstellar Medium to the Solar System. In ORIGINS, Astron. Soc. Pacific Conf. Series, Vol. 148, Proceedings of the International Conference, Estes Park, Colorado, 19-23 May, 1997, C. E. Woodward, J. M. Shull, & H. A. Thronson, Jr. (eds.), (ASP: San Francisco), pp. 392-414.

Schnaiter, M.,Mutschke, H., Dorschner, J., Henning, Th., & Salama, F. (1998). Matrix-isolated nano-sized soot grains as an analogue for the 217.5 nm feature carrier. Astrophys. J. 498, 486-496. [PDF]

Allamandola, L. J. (1997). The Origin, Composition, and History of Comets from Spectroscopic Studies. In Analysis of Returned Comet Nucleus Samples, NASA CP-10152.

Allamandola, L. J., Bernstein, M. P., & Sandford, S. A. (1997). Photochemical evolution of interstellar/precometary organic material. In Astronomical and Biochemical Origins and the Search for Life in the Universe, C.B. Cosmovici, S. Bowyer, & D. Werthimer (eds.), Proc. 5th International Conf. on Bioastronomy, IAU Coll. #161, Capri, 1-5 July 1996, (Editrice Compositori: Bologna), pp. 23-47.

Bauschlicher, Jr., C. W., Langhoff, S. R., Sandford, S. A., & Hudgins, D. M. (1997). Infrared Spectra of Perdeuterated Naphthalene, Phenanthrene, Chrysene, and Pyrene. J. Phys. Chem. A 101, 2414-2422. [PDF]

Bernstein, M. P., Allamandola, L. J., & Sandford, S. A. (1997). Complex Organics in Laboratory Simulations of Interstellar/Cometary Ices. In Complex Organics in Space, 31st COSPAR Scientific Assembly, July 1996, Birmingham, UK, Advances in Space Research 19, #7, 991-998. [PDF]

Bernstein, M. P., Sandford, S. A., & Allamandola, L. J. (1997). The Infrared Spectra of Nitriles and Related Compounds Frozen in Ar and H₂O. Astrophys. J. 476, 932-942. [PDF]

Dworkin, J.P. (1997) Alternatives to uracil in the preRNA world. Biochemistry disseration, University of California, San Diego. Advisor: S.L. Miller.

Dworkin, J. P. (1997). Attempted prebiotic synthesis of pseudouridine. Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. 27, 345-355. [PDF]

Elsila, J., Allamandola, L. J., and Sandford, S. A. (1997). The 2140 cm-1 (4.673 µm) Solid CO Band: The Case for Interstellar O2 and N2 and the Photochemistry of Non-Polar Interstellar Ice Analogs. Astrophys. J. 479, 818-838. [PDF]

Hudgins, D. M., & Allamandola, L. J. (1997). Infrared Spectroscopy of Matrix-Isolated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations 4: The Tetracyclic PAH Isomers Chrysene and 1,2-Benzanthracene. J. Phys. Chem. 101, 3472-3477. [PDF]

Hudgins, D. M., Allamandola, L. J., & Sandford, S. A. (1997). Complex Organic Molecules in Space: The Carriers of the Interstellar Infrared Emission Features. In Complex Organics in Space, 31st COSPAR Scientific Assembly, July 1996, Birmingham, UK, Advances in Space Research 19, #7, 999-1008.

Mattioda, A., & Frech, R. (1997) Vibrational Frequencies of Partially Deuterated Hydrazinium (2+) Sulfate. Spectrochimica Acta Part A, 53, 1767.

Sandford, S. A., Allamandola, L. J., & Bernstein, M. P. (1997). The Composition and Ultraviolet and Thermal Processing of Interstellar Ices. In From Star Dust to Planetesimals, Astron. Soc. Pac. Conf. Ser., Vol. 122, Y. J. Pendleton & A. G. G. M. Tielens (eds.), (ASP: San Francisco), pp. 201-213.

Sloan, G. C., Bregman, J. D., Geballe, T. R., Allamandola, L. J., & Woodward, C. E. (1997). Variations in the 3 µm Spectrum Across the Orion Bar; PAHs and Related Molecules. Astrophys. J. 474, 735-740. [PDF]

Yang, S., Biennier, L., Campargue, A., Abbouti Temsamani, M., & Herman, M. (1997). The absorption spectrum of acetylene between 12800 and 18500 cm^-1: (II) Rotational analysis, Mol. Phys. 90, 807-816.

Allamandola, L. J. (1996). PAHS-They're Everywhere! In The Cosmic Dust Connection-3rd Course, ed J. M. Greenberg & V. Pirronello, (Kluwer, Dordrecht), pp. 81-102.

Bernstein, M. P., Sandford, S. A., & Allamandola, L. J. (1996). Hydrogenated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Hn-PAHs) and the 2940 and 2850 Wavenumber (3.40 and 3.51 Micron) Infrared Emission Features. Astrophys. J. 472, L127-L130. [PDF]

Bernstein, M. P., Allamandola, L. J., Sandford, S. A., & Chang, S. (1996). The Photo Production of Organic Molecules in Cometary and Interstellar Ice Analogs. In Circumstellar Habitable Zones, ed. L. R. Doyle, (Travis House Publ.: Menlo Park, CA), pp. 305-316.

Brownlee, D. E., Burnett, D., Clark, B., Hanner, M., Hörz, F. Kissel, J., Newburn, R., Sandford, S., Sekanina, Z., Tsou, P., & Zolensky, M. (1996). Stardust: Comet and interstellar dust sample return mission. In Physics, Chemistry, and Dynamics of Interplanetary Dust, Astron. Soc. Pacific Conf. Ser., Vol. 104, eds. B. A. S. Gustafson & M. S. Hanner, (Astron. Soc. Pac.: San Francisco), pp. 223-226.

Dworkin, J. P., & Miller, S. L. (1996). The relative reactivity of deoxyribose and ribose: Did DNA come before RNA? Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. 26, 412-413.

Joblin, C., Tielens, A. G. G. M., Allamandola, L. J., & Geballe, T. R. (1996). Spatial Variation of the 3.29 and 3.4 Micron Emission Bands within Reflection Nebulae and the Photochemical Evolution of Methylated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Astrophys J. 458, 610-620. [PDF]

Lucht, B. L., Bernstein, M. P., Remenar, J. F., & Collum, D. B. (1996). Polydentate Amine and Ether Solvates of of Lithium Hexamethyldisilazide (LiHMDS): Relationship of Ligand Structure, Relative Solvation Energy, and Aggregation State. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 118, 10707. [PDF]

Roelfsema, P. R., Cox, P., Tielens, A. G. G. M., Allamandola, L. J., Baluteau, J.-P., Barlow, M., Beintema, D., Boxhoorn, D., Cassinelli, J. P., Caux, E., Churchwell, E., Clegg, P. E., de Graauw, T., Heras, A. M., Huygen, R., van der Hucht, K., Hudgins, D. M., Kessler, M., Lim, T., & Sandford, S. A. (1996). SWS Observation of IR Emission Features Towards Compact HII Regions. Astron. Astrophys. 315, L289-L292. [PDF]

Salama, F. (1996). Low Temperature Molecular Spectroscopy: From Ground to Space. In Low Temperature Molecular Spectroscopy, ed. R. Fausto, NATO/ASI Series, Series C: Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Klüwer Academic Publishers, Vol. 483, p. 169.

Salama, F. (1996). Neutral and Ionized PAH Spectral Properties. Implications for the Ultraviolet-Visible Interstellar Extinction. In The Cosmic Dust Connection, ed. J. M. Greenberg, NATO/ASI Series, Klüwer Academic Publishers, p. 103.

Sandford, S. A. (1996). The Inventory of Interstellar Materials Available for the Formation of the Solar System. Meteoritics and Planetary Science 31, 449-476. [PDF]

Sandford, S. (1996). Review of Life in the Universe (A Scientific American Special Issue). Meteoritics and Planetary Science 31, 315.

Sellgren, K., Werner, M. W., & Allamandola, L. J. (1996). A Survey of Near Infrared Emission in Visual Reflection Nebulae. Astrophys J. Supp. Ser. 102, 369-382.

Allamandola, L. J. (1995). Laboratory Studies of DIB Carriers. In Diffuse Interstellar Bands, eds. A. G. G. M. Tielens & T. Snow, (Kluwer, Dordrecht), pp. 175-198.

Allamandola, L.J., Sandford, S.A., Hudgins, D.M., & Witteborn, F.C. (1995). Airborne and Laboratory Studies of Interstellar PAHs. In Airborne Astronomy Symposium on the Galactic Ecosystem: From Gas to Stars to Dust, eds. M.R. Haas, J.A. Davidson, & E.F. Erickson, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, Vol. 73, pp. 23-32.

Bernstein, M.P., Sandford, S.A., Allamandola, L.J., Chang, S., & Scharberg, M.A. (1995). Organic Compounds Produced by Photolysis of Realistic Interstellar and Cometary Ice Analogs Containing Methanol. Astrophys. J. 454, 327-344. [PDF]

Hudgins, D. M. & Allamandola, L. J. (1995). Infrared Spectoscopy of Matrix-Isolated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations 2: The Members of the Thermodynamically Most Favorable Series through Coronene. J. Phys. Chem. 99, 3033-3046.

Hudgins, D. M. & Allamandola, L. J. (1995). Infrared Spectoscopy of Matrix-Isolated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations III: The Polyacenes Anthracene, Tetracene, and Pentacene. J. Phys. Chem. 99, 8978-8986.

Joblin, C., Salama, F., & Allamandola, L. J. (1995). Photoinduced Fluorescence from the Perylene Cation Isolated in Ne and Ar Matrices. J. Chem. Phys. 102, 9743-9745. [PDF]

Joblin, C., Salama, F., & Allamandola, L. J. (1995). Visible Luminescence from PAH Cations and the Diffuse Bands in Emission. In The Diffuse Interstellar bands, eds. A. G. G. M. Tielens & T. P. Snow, Klüwer Academic Publishers, p. 157.

Mattioda, A. (1995) Vibrational and Thermal Characterization of Hydrazinium Sulfate and Ammonium Hydrazinium Sulfate, Dissertation, Research Advisor - Roger Frech.

Mattioda, A., & Frech, R. (1995) Vibrational Modes of Hydrazine Sulfate and Deuterium-Substituted Single Crystals, Spectrochimica Acta Part A 51, 2545.

Salama, F., & Allamandola, L. J. (1995). Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and the Diffuse Interstellar Bands. Adv. Space Res 15, (3)413-(3)422. [PDF]

Salama, F., Allamandola, L.J., Sandford, S.A., Bregman, J.D., Witteborn, F.C., & Cruikshank, D.P. (1995). The Detection of a New Strong Band Near 3590 cm^-1 (2.79 µm) in the Spectrum of Io. In Airborne Astronomy Symposium on the Galactic Ecosystem: From Gas to Stars to Dust, eds. M.R. Haas, J.A. Davidson, & E.F. Erickson, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, Vol. 73, pp. 337-340.

Salama, F., Joblin, C., & Allamandola, L. J. (1995). Absorption Spectroscopy of Neutral and Ionized PAHs. Implications for the Diffuse Interstellar Bands. In The Diffuse Interstellar Bands, eds. A. G. G. M. Tielens & T. P. Snow, Klüwer Academic Publishers, p. 207.

Salama, F., Joblin, C., & Allamandola, L. J. (1995). Neutral and Ionized PAHs. Contribution to the Interstellar Extinction. Planet. Space Sci. 43, No. 10/11, 1165. [PDF]

Sandford, S.A., Pendleton, Y.J., & Allamandola, L.J. (1995). The Galactic Distribution of Aliphatic Hydrocarbons in the Diffuse Interstellar Medium. Astrophys. J. 440, 697-705. [PDF]

Schutte, W.A., Allamandola, L.J., & Sandford, S.A. (1995). Very Low Temperature Formaldehyde Reactions and the Build-up of Organic Molecules in Comets and Interstellar Ices. Advances in Space Research 15(#3), (3)401-(3)406. [PDF]

Bernstein, M.P., Sandford, S.A., Allamandola, L.J., & Chang, S. (1994). Infrared Spectrum of Matrix-Isolated Hexamethylenetetramine in Ar and H₂O at Cryogenic Temperatures. J. Phys. Chem. 98, 12206-12210.

Bohn, R.B., Sandford, S.A., Allamandola, L.J., & Cruikshank, D.P. (1994). Infrared Spectroscopy of Triton and Pluto Ice Analogs: The Case for Saturated Hydrocarbons. Icarus 111, 151-173.

Gehrz, R.D., Woodward, C.E., Greenhouse, M.A., Starrfield, S., Wooden, D.H., Witteborn, F.C., Sandford, S.A., Allamandola, L.J., Bregman, J.D., & Klapisch, M. (1994). The Temporal Evolution of the 4-14 Micron Spectrum of V1974 Cygni (Nova Cygni 1992). Astrophys. J. 421, 762-770. [PDF]

Hudgins, D. M., & Porter, R. F. (1994). Studies of the Hydrated Oxonium Radical, H₃O•(H₂O)_n, and the Ammoniated Ammonium Radical, NH₄•(NH₃)_n, by Neutralized Ion Beam Techniques. Int.J.Mass Spectrom.Ion Proc. 130, 49.

Hudgins, D.M., Sandford, S.A., & Allamandola, L.J. (1994). Infrared Spectroscopy of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations I: Matrix-Isolated Naphthalene and Perdeuterated Naphthalene. J. Phys. Chem. 98, 4243-4253.

Hudgins, D.M., Sandford, S.A., Allamandola, L.J., & Tielens, A.G.G.M. (1994). Mid- and Far-Infrared Spectroscopy of Ices: Optical Constants and Integrated Absorbances. The AAS CD-ROM Series, Volume 1, (expanded version of the tables in Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 86, 713-870). (We can't send you a copy of this but the files exist on all the CCDs sent out by The Astrophysical Journal to date.)

Kolb, V. M., Dworkin, J. P., & Miller, S. L. (1994). Alternative bases in the RNA world: the prebiotic synthesis of urazole and its ribosides. J. Molec. Evol. 38, 549-557.

Kolb, V. M., Dworkin, J. P., & Miller, S. L. (1994). Urazole is a potential precursor to uracil. Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. 24, 107-108.

Pendleton, Y.J., Sandford, S.A., Allamandola, L.J., Tielens, A.G.G.M., & Sellgren, K. (1994). Near Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy of Interstellar Hydrocarbon Grains. Astrophys. J. 437, 683-696. [PDF]

Robertson, M.P., Dworkin, J. P., & Miller, S. L. (1994). Prebiotic synthesis of hydroxymethyluracil and some tRNA bases. Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. 24, 109-110.

Salama, F., & Allamandola, L. (1994). PAHs, DIBs and Interstellar Extinction. In The First Symposium on the Infrared Cirrus and Diffuse Interstellar Clouds, eds. R. M. Cutri & W. B. Latter, (San Francisco: ASP), ASP Conference Series Vol. 58, p. 279.

Salama, F., Allamandola, L.J., Sandford, S.A., Bregman, J.D., Witteborn, F.C., & Cruikshank, D.P. (1994). Is H₂O Present on Io? The Detection of a New Strong Band Near 3590 cm-1 (2.79 µm). Icarus 107, 413-417.

Salama, F. Joblin, C., & Allamandola, L. J. (1994). Electronic Absorption Spectroscopy of Matrix-Isolated Polycycic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations. II. The Phenanthrene Cation (C₁₄H₁₀⁺) and its 1-Methyl Derivative. J. Chem. Phys. 101, 10252-10262. [PDF]

Sandford, S.A., Geballe, T.R., Salama, F., & Goorvitch, D. (1994). New Narrow Infrared Absorption Features in the Spectrum of Io Between 3600 and 3100 cm-1 (2.8-3.2 µm). Icarus 110, 292-302.

Allamandola, L. J. (1993). ISO, Dust and PAHs. In Astronomical Infrared Spectroscopy: Future Observational Directions, ed. S. Kwok, Ast. Soc. Pac. Conf. Ser. 41, 197-206.

Allamandola, L. J., Sandford, S. A., Tielens, A. G. G. M., & Herbst, T. M. (1993). "Diamonds" in Dense Molecular Clouds: A Challenge to the Standard Interstellar Paradigm. Science 260, 64-66.

Bernstein, M. P., & Collum, D. B. (1993). Metalation of Imines by Lithium Diisopropylamide Solvation by N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethylene diamine: Evidence for Solvent-Free Open Dimer Reactive Intermediates. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 115, 789.

Bernstein, M. P., & Collum, D. B. (1993). Solvent and Substrate-Dependent Rates of Imine Metalations by Lithium Diisopropylamide: Understanding the Mechanisms Underlying Krel. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 115, 8008.

Bregman, J., Rank, D., Sandford, S.A., & Temi, P. (1993). Spectral Imaging of the 3.3 and 11.3 µm Emission Bands in NGC 1333: Discovery of Spatially Separate Band Emissions. Astrophys. J. 410, 668-672. [PDF]

Bregman, J. D., Rank, D., Temi, P., Hudgins, D. M., & Kay, L. (1993). 3.3 and 11.3 µm Images of HD44179: Evidence for an Optically Thick Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Disk. Astrophys. J. 411, 794. [PDF]

Du, P., Salama, F., & Loew, G. H. (1993). Theoretical Study on the Electronic Spectra of a Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon, Naphthalene, and its Derivatives. Chem. Phys. 173, 421. [PDF]

Frech, R. Mattioda, A., & Huang, E. (1993) Structure and Vibrational Spectra of Ammonium Hydrazinium Sulfate, J. Molec. Struct. 295,121.

Hudgins, D. M., Sandford, S. A., Allamandola, L. J., & Tielens, A. G. G. M. (1993). Mid- and Far-Infrared Spectroscopy of Ices: Optical Constants and Integrated Absorbances. Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 86, 713-870. [PDF (29Mb)]

Romesberg, F. E., Bernstein, M. P., Gilchrist, J. H., Fuller, D. J., Harrison, A. T., & Collum, D. B. (1993). On the Structure of Lithium Hexamethyldisilazide (LiHMDS) in the Presence of Hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA). Spectroscopic and Computational Studies of Monomers, Dimers, and Triple Ions. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 115, 3475.

Salama, F. & Allamandola, L. J. (1993). Neutral and Ionized PAHs, The Diffuse Interstellar Bands, and the Ultraviolet Extinction Curve. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 89, 2277-2284.

Sandford, S.A. (1993). The Mid-Infrared Transmission Spectra of Antarctic Ureilites. Meteoritics 28, 579-585. [PDF]

Sandford, S. A. (1993). Interstellar Ices, Their Processing, and Their Relationship to Refractory Dust. In Astronomical Infrared Spectroscopy: Future Observational Directions, Astron. Soc. Pac. Conf. Series, Vol. 41, ed. S. Kwok, (Astron. Soc. Pacific: San Francisco), pp. 181-188.

Sandford, S.A., & Allamandola, L.J. (1993). The Condensation and Vaporization Behavior of Ices Containing SO₂, H₂S, and CO₂: Implications for Io. Icarus 106, 478-488.

Sandford, S. A., & Allamandola, L. J. (1993). Condensation and Vaporization Studies of CH₃OH and NH₃ Ices: Major Implications for Astrochemistry. Astrophys. J. 417, 815-825. [PDF]

Sandford, S. A., & Allamandola, L. J. (1993). H₂ in Interstellar and Extragalactic Ices: Infrared Characteristics, UV Production, and Implications. Astrophys. J. 409, L65-L68. [PDF]

Sandford, S. A., Allamandola, L. J., & Geballe, T. R. (1993). Spectroscopic Detection of Molecular Hydrogen Frozen in Interstellar Ices. Science 262, 400-402. [revision published in Geballe, T. R., Sandford, S. A., & Allamandola, L. J. (2000). Science 287, 976.]

Schutte, W.A., Allamandola, L.J., & Sandford, S.A. (1993). Formaldehyde and Organic Molecule Production in Astrophysical Ices at Cryogenic Temperatures. Science 259, 1143-1145.

Schutte, W.A., Allamandola, L.J., & Sandford, S.A. (1993). Organic Molecule Production in Cometary Nuclei and Interstellar Ices by Thermal Formaldehyde Reactions. Icarus 104, 118-137.

Schutte, W. A., Tielens, A. G. G. M., & Allamandola, L. J. (1993). Theoretical Modelling of the Infrared Fluorescence from Interstellar Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Astrophys. J. 415, 397-414. [PDF]

Tegler, S.C., Weintraub, D.A., Allamandola, L.J., Sandford, S.A., Rettig, T.W., & Campins, H. (1993). Detection of the 2165 cm^-1 (4.619 µm) XCN Band in the Spectrum of L1551 IRS 5. Astrophys. J. 411, 260-265. [PDF]

There are also a number of fictional articles by Scott Sandford.